Under both the IPC and the UPC, the liquid seal of a standard fixture trap must fall within what range?
- 1 in. to 2 in.
- 2 in. to 4 in.
- 4 in. to 6 in.
- 6 in. to 8 in.
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B. 2 in. to 4 in.
Both model codes call for a seal of at least 2 in. and no more than 4 in. Less than 2 in. is too easily lost to pressure changes and evaporation; a much deeper seal slows flow and collects solids.
Reference: IPC 2021, Section 1002 (trap seals); UPC 2021, Section 1005
Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, solder and flux used on potable water piping may contain no more than what percentage of lead?
- 0.25 percent
- 0.2 percent
- 8 percent
- 50 percent
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B. 0.2 percent
The Act defines lead free for solder and flux as not more than 0.2 percent lead. 0.25 percent is the separate limit for wetted surfaces of pipe, fittings and fixtures, and 8 percent was the old limit for pipe and fittings before 2014.
Reference: Safe Drinking Water Act, Section 1417 (42 U.S.C. 300g-6)
Why is a propane leak in a basement or pit especially dangerous?
- Propane is lighter than air and collects at the ceiling
- Propane is heavier than air and collects in low areas
- Propane has no odorant and cannot be smelled
- Propane burns only when it is mixed with natural gas
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B. Propane is heavier than air and collects in low areas
Propane vapor has a specific gravity of about 1.5, so it flows downward and pools in basements, pits and trenches where it can reach an ignition source. Like natural gas, commercial propane is odorized so leaks can be noticed.
Reference: NFPA 58 (LP-gas properties); NFPA 54